Past Perfect Tense

Past Perfect Tense is used to express two types of action which occurred or completed in the past. It is usually used to express an action which occurred a long time ago in past. It gives a sense of completion of an activity in past.

E.g: She had sent me her picture a year ago.

It may also be used to state an action that occurred in the recent past, but if it is intended to convey a sense of completion of the action with reference to other activities taken place after the same action.

E.g: The patient had died before the doctor came.

Structure of the Sentence :

 Main verb: Past Participle (3rd form of the verb) E.g:  gone, written
Auxiliary verbs: Had

Positive Sentences:

• Subject + Auxiliary verb + Main verb + Object
• Subject + Had + Past Participle (3rd form of the verb) + Object

Examples: 

1. She had undergone heart surgery in her childhood.
2. I had lost my camera.
3. They had shifted to a new home.
4. You had gone before I reached.
5. The patient had died before the doctor came.

Negative Sentences:

• Subject + Auxiliary verb + NOT + Main verb + Object
• Subject + Had + Not + Past Participle (3rd form of the verb) + Object

Examples:

1. He had not informed me about his illness.
2. She had not applied for some job.
3. I had not visited him.
4. You had not helped him when he needed your help.
5. We had not finished our work when he came here. 

Interrogative Sentences:

• Auxiliary verb + Subject + Main verb + Object
• Had + Subject + Past Participle + Object

Examples:

1. Had you completed your task?
2. Had he prepared himself for the exam?
3. Had she prepared some food for the kids?
4. Had I thought about my future?
5. Has he appeared in the exam?